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Independence

In keeping with our mission, all our products are designed so that people who have quadriplegia due to spinal cord injury can use them without any assistance.

Even people who have no grip strength or finger movement due to C4-C5 and below spinal cord injury, can use all our products without assistance.

Kurt, who has a C5-C6 spinal cord injury from a high school wrestling match, developed the UPPERTONE and our other products.

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Jonsson B, et al.           
A prospective and consecutive study of surgically treated lumbar spinal stenosis. Part I: Clinical features related to radiographic findings.
Spine. 1997 Dec 15; 22(24): 2932-2937.
PMID: 9431629; UI: 98093697.
Vela D, et al.           
[Spinal cord compression in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A study of 10 patients].
Med Clin (Barc). 1997 Sep 27; 109(10): 375-377. Spanish.
PMID: 9379720; UI: 98025967.
Kapfhammer JP.           
Axon sprouting in the spinal cord: growth promoting and growth inhibitory mechanisms.
Anat Embryol (Berl). 1997 Dec; 196(6): 417-426. Review.
PMID: 9453362; UI: 98114107.
Achouri M, et al.           
[Anterior approach of cervical spine in Pott's disease. Apropos of 7 cases].
Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot. 1997; 84(5): 447-453. French.
PMID: 9452797; UI: 98114887.
Turner GA, et al.           
Cervical meningioma and lumbar stenosis: a case presenting as immobility.
Aust N Z J Med. 1997 Aug; 27(4): 442-443. No abstract available.
PMID: 9448889; UI: 98110367.
Goldstein B, et al.           
Posttraumatic syringomyelia: profound neuronal loss, yet preserved function.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1998 Jan; 79(1): 107-112.
PMID: 9440427; UI: 98103610.
Kennedy P, et al.           
Factors associated with acute and chronic pain following traumatic spinal cord injuries.
Spinal Cord. 1997 Dec; 35(12): 814-817.
PMID: 9429260; UI: 98090979.
Oelerich M, et al.           
Lumbar spinal neurinoma presenting with nocturnal pain. A case report.
Clin Imaging. 1998 Jan; 22(1): 60-64.
PMID: 9421658; UI: 98083429.
Falci S, et al.           
Obliteration of a posttraumatic spinal cord cyst with solid human embryonic spinal cord grafts: first clinical attempt.
J Neurotrauma. 1997 Nov; 14(11): 875-884.
PMID: 9421458; UI: 98081811.
van Dieen JH, et al.           
Differences in low back load between kneeling and seated working at ground level.
Appl Ergon. 1997 Oct; 28(5-6): 355-363.
PMID: 9414376; UI: 98064920.
Buff HU.           
[Thoracoscopic operations of the spine].
Ther Umsch. 1997 Sep; 54(9): 529-532. German.
PMID: 9411845; UI: 97480346.
Eisenberg E, et al.           
Spinal cord stimulator activation by an antitheft device. Case report.
J Neurosurg. 1997 Dec; 87(6): 961-962.
PMID: 9384412; UI: 98044068.
Levitt M, et al.           
Comment on Yezierski, Pain, 68 (1996) 185-194.
Pain. 1997 Oct; 73(1): 115-119. No abstract available.
PMID: 9414069; UI: 98074880.
Bertsch H, et al.
Emergent/urgent therapeutic irradiation in pediatric oncology: patterns of presentation, treatment, and outcome.
Med Pediatr Oncol. 1998 Feb; 30(2): 101-105.
PMID: 9403018; UI: 98066722.
Dominguez J, et al.           
Giant intrasacral schwannomas: report of six cases.
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1997; 139(10): 954-959.
PMID: 9401656; UI: 98065178.
Komisaruk BR, et al.
'Complete' spinal cord injury does not block perceptual responses to genital self-stimulation in women.
Arch Neurol. 1997 Dec; 54(12): 1513-1520.
PMID: 9400361; UI: 98062889.
Poynton AR, et al.           
Sparing of sensation to pin prick predicts recovery of a motor segment after injury to the spinal cord.
J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1997 Nov; 79(6): 952-954.
PMID: 9393910; UI: 98054059.
Kannisto M, et al.           
Later health-related quality of life in adults who have sustained spinal cord injury in childhood.
Spinal Cord. 1997 Nov; 35(11): 747-751.
PMID: 9392045; UI: 98053533.
Janjan NA.           
Radiation for bone metastases: conventional techniques and the role of systemic radiopharmaceuticals.
Cancer. 1997 Oct 15; 80(8 Suppl): 1628-1645. Review.
PMID: 9362430; UI: 98026753.
Coleman RE.           
Skeletal complications of malignancy.
Cancer. 1997 Oct 15; 80(8 Suppl): 1588-1594. Review.
PMID: 9362426; UI: 98026749.
Boninger ML, et al.           
Three-dimensional pushrim forces during two speeds of wheelchair propulsion.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Sep; 76(5): 420-426.
PMID: 9354497; UI: 98014620.
Cheng PT, et al.           
Spontaneous electromyographic potentials in cervical cord-injured patients are related to dysesthetic pain.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Sep; 76(5): 389-394.
PMID: 9354493; UI: 98014616.
Chen TY, et al.           
Efficacy of surgical treatment in traumatic central cord syndrome.
Surg Neurol. 1997 Nov; 48(5): 435-440.
PMID: 9352804; UI: 98014170.
Chen CJ, et al.           
Spontaneous spinal epidural haematomas with repeated remission and relapse.
Neuroradiology. 1997 Oct; 39(10): 737-740.
PMID: 9351113; UI: 98012383.
Matthews JM, et al.           
The effects of surface anaesthesia on the autonomic dysreflexia response during functional electrical stimulation.
Spinal Cord. 1997 Oct; 35(10): 647-651.
PMID: 9347592; UI: 98007163.
New PW, et al.           
A survey of pain during rehabilitation after acute spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord. 1997 Oct; 35(10): 658-663.
PMID: 9347594; UI: 98007165.
Christensen MD, et al.           
Spinal cord injury and anti-NGF treatment results in changes in CGRP density and distribution in the dorsal horn in the rat.
Exp Neurol. 1997 Oct; 147(2): 463-475.
PMID: 9344570; UI: 98014521.
Meythaler JM.           
Rehabilitation of Guillain-Barre syndrome.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Aug; 78(8): 872-879. Review.
PMID: 9344309; UI: 98002994.
Ford CV, et al.           
Chronic pain in a victim of attempted homicide.
Int J Psychiatry Med. 1974; 5(3): 283-293. No abstract available.
PMID: 9335922; UI: 97476638.
Gouda JJ, et al.           
Delayed cervical epidural hemorrhage associated with silastic dural implant: case report.
Neurosurgery. 1997 Oct; 41(4): 943-945.
PMID: 9316058; UI: 97461783.
Heys SD, et al.           
The management of patients with advanced cancer (III).
Eur J Surg Oncol. 1997 Aug; 23(4): 361-365.
PMID: 9315069; UI: 97460687.
Beric A.           
Post-spinal cord injury pain states.
Pain. 1997 Sep; 72(3): 295-298. Review. No abstract available.
PMID: 9313269; UI: 97458449.
Komiyama M, et al.           
Spontaneous spinal subarachnoid hematoma of unknown pathogenesis: case reports.
Neurosurgery. 1997 Sep; 41(3): 691-693. Review.
PMID: 9310992; UI: 97457049.
Thomas NW, et al.           
Quantitative outcome and radiographic comparisons between laminectomy and laminotomy in the treatment of acquired lumbar stenosis.
Neurosurgery. 1997 Sep; 41(3): 567-574.
PMID: 9310973; UI: 97457030.
Comey CH, et al.           
Anterior thoracic corpectomy without sternotomy: a strategy for malignant disease of the upper thoracic spine.
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1997; 139(8): 712-718.
PMID: 9309285; UI: 97454855.
Advokat C, et al.           
Morphine and dextrorphan lose antinociceptive activity but exhibit an antispastic action in chronic spinal rats.
Physiol Behav. 1997 Oct; 62(4): 799-804.
PMID: 9284500; UI: 97430199.
Castro FP Jr, et al.           
Stingers, the Torg ratio, and the cervical spine.
Am J Sports Med. 1997 Sep; 25(5): 603-608.
PMID: 9302463; UI: 97448042.
Menter R, et al.           
Bowel management outcomes in individuals with long-term spinal cord injuries.
Spinal Cord. 1997 Sep; 35(9): 608-612.
PMID: 9300968; UI: 97446380.
Christensen MD, et al.           
Chronic central pain after spinal cord injury.
J Neurotrauma. 1997 Aug; 14(8): 517-537. Review.
PMID: 9300563; UI: 97444031.
Le Coz P, et al.           
[Transient neurological manifestations disclosing spontaneous acute cervical epidural hematoma].
Rev Neurol (Paris). 1997 Jun; 153(5): 325-330. Review. French.
PMID: 9296166; UI: 97441947.
Prie L, et al.           
[Radiotherapy of spinal metastases in breast cancer. Apropos of a series of 108 patients].
Cancer Radiother. 1997; 1(3): 234-239. Review. French.
PMID: 9295878; UI: 97441659.
Wada T, et al.           
[A case of idiopathic spinal epidural hematoma with a fructuation of the symptoms].
No To Hattatsu. 1997 Sep; 29(5): 384-389. Japanese.
PMID: 9294314; UI: 97439960.
Schwartz GR, et al.           
Pediatric cervical spine injury sustained in falls from low heights.
Ann Emerg Med. 1997 Sep; 30(3): 249-252.
PMID: 9287883; UI: 97433997.
Laughlin TM, et al.           
Spinally administered dynorphin A produces long-lasting allodynia: involvement of NMDA but not opioid receptors.
Pain. 1997 Aug; 72(1-2): 253-260.
PMID: 9272810; UI: 97417437.
Sved P, et al.           
Relationship between surgery and pain following spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord. 1997 Aug; 35(8): 526-530.
PMID: 9267918; UI: 97413275.
Maranzano E, et al.           
Short-course radiotherapy (8 Gy x 2) in metastatic spinal cord compression: an effective and feasible treatment.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1997 Jul 15; 38(5): 1037-1044.
PMID: 9276370; UI: 97420385.
Moon MS.           
Neck and shoulder pain after laminoplasty.
Spine. 1997 Jul 15; 22(14): 1674-1676. No abstract available.
PMID: 9253106; UI: 97396954.
Grob D, et al.           
Atlantoaxial fusion and retrodental pannus in rheumatoid arthritis.
Spine. 1997 Jul 15; 22(14): 1580-1583.
PMID: 9253092; UI: 97396940.
Ara JR, et al.           
["Locked-in" syndrome due to hyperglycemia].
Rev Neurol. 1997 Jul; 25(143): 1091-1092. Spanish.
PMID: 9280643; UI: 97383849.
Goldstein B, et al.           
Rotator cuff repairs in individuals with paraplegia.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Jul; 76(4): 316-322.
PMID: 9267192; UI: 97412540.
Kaneda K, et al.           
[Back pain and neurological deficits in osteoporotic spinal fractures].
Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi. 1997 Jul; 72(4): 381-387. Review. Japanese.
PMID: 9266250; UI: 97411269.
Cantu RC.           
Stingers, transient quadriplegia, and cervical spinal stenosis: return to play criteria.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997 Jul; 29(7 Suppl): S233-S235.
PMID: 9247920; UI: 97391113.
Stormer S, et al.           
Chronic pain/dysaesthesiae in spinal cord injury patients: results of a multicentre study.
Spinal Cord. 1997 Jul; 35(7): 446-455.
PMID: 9232750; UI: 97376722.
Meiners T, et al.           
Resection of heterotopic ossification of the hip in spinal cord injured patients.
Spinal Cord. 1997 Jul; 35(7): 443-445.
PMID: 9232749; UI: 97376721.
Sheehan JM, et al.           
Partial pediculectomy in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis: technical note.
Neurosurgery. 1997 Jul; 41(1): 308-310.
PMID: 9218325; UI: 97361431.
Lai JM, et al.           
Diversion colitis: a cause of abdominal discomfort in spinal cord injury patients with colostomy.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Jun; 78(6): 670-671.
PMID: 9196478; UI: 97339944.
Saboe LA, et al.           
Early predictors of functional independence 2 years after spinal cord injury.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Jun; 78(6): 644-650.
PMID: 9196473; UI: 97339939.
Harari D, et al.           
Constipation-related symptoms and bowel program concerning individuals with spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord. 1997 Jun; 35(6): 394-401.
PMID: 9194264; UI: 97337524.
Ohl NA, et al.           
Electroejaculation versus vibratory stimulation in spinal cord injured men: sperm quality and patient preference.
J Urol. 1997 Jun; 157(6): 2147-2149.
PMID: 9146603; UI: 97292063.
Gronning M, et al.           
[Central nervous pain in patients with spinal cord injury. Medical and surgical treatment].
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1997 May 20; 117(13): 1904-1907. Norwegian.
PMID: 9214011; UI: 97348729.
Yu W, et al.           
The development of morphine tolerance and dependence in rats with chronic pain.
Brain Res. 1997 May 9; 756(1-2): 141-146.
PMID: 9187324; UI: 97330889.
Hoegler D.           
Radiotherapy for palliation of symptoms in incurable cancer.
Curr Probl Cancer. 1997 May; 21(3): 129-183. Review.
PMID: 9202888; UI: 97346471.
Loubser PG.           
Adverse effects of epidural spinal cord stimulation on bladder function in a patient with chronic spinal cord injury pain.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 1997 May; 13(5): 251-252. No abstract available.
PMID: 9185428; UI: 97328938.
Donovan WH, et al.           
Neurological issues.
Spinal Cord. 1997 May; 35(5): 275-281.
PMID: 9160450; UI: 97304177.
Milross CG, et al.           
The efficacy of treatment for malignant epidural spinal cord compression.
Australas Radiol. 1997 May; 41(2): 137-142.
PMID: 9153809; UI: 97298361.
Chu FS, et al.           
Clinics in diagnostic imaging (24). Cervical spine instability in seronegative rheumatoid arthritis.
Singapore Med J. 1997 Apr; 38(4): 172-176.
PMID: 9269399; UI: 97414733.
Hashimoto R, et al.           
[Left hand clumsiness due to disturbance of kinesthesia after damage to the dorsal column of the high cervical cord].
Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 1997 Apr; 37(4): 319-325. Review. Japanese.
PMID: 9248342; UI: 97391570.
Seiler H, et al.           
[Spinal stabilization in extradural metastatic disease. Indications and follow-up of 32 cases].
Unfallchirurg. 1997 Apr; 100(4): 294-300. German.
PMID: 9229780; UI: 97310248.
Osebold WR, et al.           
Dynamics of hip joint remodeling after Chiari osteotomy. 10 patients with neuromuscular disease followed for 8 years.
Acta Orthop Scand. 1997 Apr; 68(2): 128-132.
PMID: 9174448; UI: 97317421.
Tryciecky EW, et al.           
Oncologic imaging: interactions of nuclear medicine with CT and MRI using the bone scan as a model.
Semin Nucl Med. 1997 Apr; 27(2): 142-151. Review.
PMID: 9144856; UI: 97290071.
Tolias CM, et al.           
Giant lumbar meningioma: a common tumour in an unusual location.
Neuroradiology. 1997 Apr; 39(4): 276-277.
PMID: 9144676; UI: 97289891.
Ragnarsson KT.           
Management of pain in persons with spinal cord injury.
J Spinal Cord Med. 1997 Apr; 20(2): 186-199. Review.
PMID: 9144608; UI: 97289823.
Takamura Y, et al.           
Thoracic dumbbell-shaped neurinoma treated by unilateral hemilaminectomy with partial costotransversectomy--case report.
Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 1997 Apr; 37(4): 354-357.
PMID: 9136563; UI: 97282331.
Pansing SS, et al.           
Pain, paresthesias, and weakness of the extremities in a young man.
J Neuroimaging. 1997 Apr; 7(2): 92-97. No abstract available.
PMID: 9128447; UI: 97274356.
Kimura T, et al.           
[A case of acute cervical epidural abscess].
No To Shinkei. 1997 Apr; 49(4): 359-363. Japanese.
PMID: 9125745; UI: 97270710.
Lee TT, et al.           
Progressive posttraumatic myelomalacic myelopathy: treatment with untethering and expansive duraplasty.
J Neurosurg. 1997 Apr; 86(4): 624-628.
PMID: 9120625; UI: 97234136.
Malek AM, et al.           
Solitary fibrous tumor presenting as a symptomatic intraspinal mass: case report.
Neurosurgery. 1997 Apr; 40(4): 844-847.
PMID: 9092861; UI: 97246623.
Kumar K, et al.           
Deep brain stimulation for intractable pain: a 15-year experience.
Neurosurgery. 1997 Apr; 40(4): 736-746. Review.
PMID: 9092847; UI: 97246609.
Thomas WB, et al.           
Parosteal osteosarcoma of the cervical vertebra in a dog.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1997 Mar; 38(2): 120-123.
PMID: 9238780; UI: 97381466.
Schrijver HM, et al.           
[A patient with rabies in The Netherlands].
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1997 Mar 1; 141(9): 437-439. Dutch.
PMID: 9173305; UI: 97248903.
Yoshii H.           
[Back pain, quadriplegia, dissociated sensory loss].
No To Shinkei. 1997 Mar; 49(3): 288-289. Japanese. No abstract available.
PMID: 9125736; UI: 97270701.
Stiens SA, et al.           
Spinal cord injury rehabilitation. 4. Individual experience, personal adaptation, and social perspectives.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Mar; 78(3 Suppl): S65-S72. Review.
PMID: 9084370; UI: 97238033.
Tsang BK, et al.           
Decreased paralysis and better motor coordination with microspinal versus PE10 intrathecal catheters in pain study rats.
Anesth Analg. 1997 Mar; 84(3): 591-594.
PMID: 9052307; UI: 97204799.
Hashizume T, et al.           
[Pleural B cell lymphoma presenting as paraplegia].
Nippon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi. 1997 Feb; 35(2): 205-209. Japanese.
PMID: 9103860; UI: 97257313.
Catton CN, et al.           
Palliative radiotherapy in prostate cancer.
Semin Urol Oncol. 1997 Feb; 15(1): 65-72. Review.
PMID: 9050141; UI: 97202622.
Romero Ganuza FJ, et al.           
Acute acalculous cholecystitis in patients with acute traumatic spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord. 1997 Feb; 35(2): 124-128.
PMID: 9044522; UI: 97197462.
Siddall PJ, et al.           
Classification of pain following spinal cord injury.
Spinal Cord. 1997 Feb; 35(2): 69-75. Review.
PMID: 9044512; UI: 97197452.
Standaert C, et al.           
Charcot spine as a late complication of traumatic spinal cord injury.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Feb; 78(2): 221-225.
PMID: 9041906; UI: 97194468.
Xu XJ, et al.           
Mechanisms of central pain.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl. 1997; 110: 127-128. Review. No abstract available.
PMID: 9248561; UI: 97391818.
Nguyen JP, et al.           
Treatment of deafferentation pain by chronic stimulation of the motor cortex: report of a series of 20 cases.
Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien). 1997; 68: 54-60.
PMID: 9233414; UI: 97377814.
Spetzger U, et al.           
Unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression of lumbar spinal stenosis. Part II: Clinical experiences.
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1997; 139(5): 397-403.
PMID: 9204107; UI: 97348040.
Avina-Zubieta JA, et al.           
Rheumatic manifestations of neurologic and psychiatric diseases.
Curr Opin Rheumatol. 1997 Jan; 9(1): 51-55. Review.
PMID: 9110134; UI: 97264272.
van Dongen RT, et al.           
Neurological impairment during long-term intrathecal infusion of bupivacaine in cancer patients: a sign of spinal cord compression.
Pain. 1997 Jan; 69(1-2): 205-209.
PMID: 9060033; UI: 97213268.
Schweighofer F, et al.           
Unstable fractures of the upper thoracic spine.
Langenbecks Arch Chir. 1997; 382(1): 25-28.
PMID: 9049955; UI: 97202431.
Stein J.           
Failure of magnetic resonance imaging to reveal the cause of a progressive cervical myelopathy related to postoperative spinal deformity: a case report.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Jan; 76(1): 73-75.
PMID: 9036915; UI: 97188330.
Shenoi RM, et al.           
Ossification of the ligamentum flavum causing thoracic myelopathy: a case report.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Jan; 76(1): 68-72.
PMID: 9036914; UI: 97188329.
Appelgren L, et al.           
Spinal epidural metastasis: implications for spinal analgesia to treat "refractory" cancer pain.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 1997 Jan; 13(1): 25-42.
PMID: 9029859; UI: 97181698.
Kramer KM, et al.
Posttraumatic syringomyelia: a review of 21 cases.
Clin Orthop. 1997 Jan; 334: 190-199.
PMID: 9005913; UI: 97158553.
Lee TT, et al.           
Modified open-door cervical expansive laminoplasty for spondylotic myelopathy: operative technique, outcome, and predictors for gait improvement.
J Neurosurg. 1997 Jan; 86(1): 64-68.
PMID: 8988083; UI: 97141833.
Schnee CL, et al.           
Selection criteria and outcome of operative approaches for thoracolumbar burst fractures with and without neurological deficit.
J Neurosurg. 1997 Jan; 86(1): 48-55.
PMID: 8988081; UI: 97141831.
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